Binomial CDF Calculator – Cumulative Distribution Function

Binomial CDF Calculator

Calculate cumulative distribution function probabilities for binomial distributions

Input Parameters

Results

Probability:
Click calculate to see results
Mean (μ):
Standard Deviation (σ):
Variance (σ²):

Binomial Distribution Formulas

Probability Mass Function (PMF):
P(X = k) = C(n,k) × p^k × (1-p)^(n-k)
Cumulative Distribution Function (CDF):
P(X ≤ k) = Σ(i=0 to k) C(n,i) × p^i × (1-p)^(n-i)
Mean: μ = n × p
Variance: σ² = n × p × (1-p)
Standard Deviation: σ = √(n × p × (1-p))

What is Binomial Distribution?

The binomial distribution models the number of successes in a fixed number of independent trials, each with the same probability of success.

It requires four conditions: fixed number of trials, independent trials, two possible outcomes per trial, and constant probability of success.

Cumulative Distribution Function

The CDF gives the probability that a random variable takes a value less than or equal to a specific value.

For binomial distributions, it calculates the probability of getting k or fewer successes in n trials.

Applications

Quality control in manufacturing, medical testing accuracy, survey analysis, and any scenario with binary outcomes.

Common examples include coin flips, pass/fail tests, and yes/no survey responses.

Key Properties

The distribution is symmetric when p = 0.5, right-skewed when p < 0.5, and left-skewed when p > 0.5.

As n increases, the binomial distribution approaches a normal distribution under certain conditions.

Practical Examples

Example 1: Coin Flipping
A fair coin is flipped 10 times. What is the probability of getting exactly 6 heads?
Solution: n = 10, p = 0.5, x = 6
P(X = 6) = C(10,6) × 0.5^6 × 0.5^4 = 210 × 0.015625 × 0.0625 = 0.205
Example 2: Quality Control
A manufacturing process has a 5% defect rate. In a batch of 20 items, what is the probability of finding 2 or fewer defective items?
Solution: n = 20, p = 0.05, calculate P(X ≤ 2)
This requires summing P(X = 0) + P(X = 1) + P(X = 2) = 0.925
Example 3: Survey Analysis
In a survey, 30% of people prefer product A. If 15 people are surveyed, what is the probability that between 3 and 7 people prefer product A?
Solution: n = 15, p = 0.3, calculate P(3 ≤ X ≤ 7)
This equals P(X ≤ 7) – P(X ≤ 2) = 0.950 – 0.127 = 0.823
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